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How do you feel about internet slang and memes inserted into anime dialogue?

They sometimes use translator notes but it's typically for things that can be explained in one short sentence. Those fansubs sometimes had like massive text boxes explaining various stuff in detail. They explained stuff like honorifics which is not something that a modern official translation would ever do today. There was an anime from some years ago, When Supernatural Battles Became Commonplace, the crunchyroll subs just left the word "chuuni" in there untranslated and unexplained. It's not like it's a term that could easily be translated or explained, but I'm certain that specific era of fansubs would have just brute-forced it and put a massive text box to explain the term taking 3rd of the screen in the process.

Love, Chunibyo & Other Delusions came out before When Supernatural Battles Became Commonplace. When the former ran, it was almost impossible to be anywhere in anime fandom without seeing chuni explained over and over. Leaving it untranslated when the latter show came out makes sense. I don't think I ever saw an attempt to translate that explained the concept well. There is an awful lot packed into that short word.

I don't think I ever saw an attempt to translate that explained the concept well. There is an awful lot packed into that short word.

I do however sympathize quite a bit with the "foreigners who only know basic English' part. English is, for all intents and purposes, the international language, and though services like Funi and Crunchy provide subs for other regions with their languages, I believe there's a vast amount of people from those regions consuming the content in English (for various reasons). This would make more "Americanized" (for lack of a better term) translations - think translating meters to feet or yards - generally feel confusing and unnecessary. But at the same time I'm sure a good amount of their intended audience - assuming Americans in this case - wouldn't really get it all that much if you didn't translate those things to terms Americans understand

A good explanation of chuuni takes a couple of paragraphs to explain what they are (I still haven't seen a good explanation as to why). So it would not be feasible in an anime. As best I can tell there is no corresponding concept in English that is even remotely similar. I expect the translator and the people who approved the translation simply gave up. All I can say to this is Google is your friend.

To be sure, slang and memes should be used judiciously and appropriately, though I don't blame whoever put "social distancing" in the Kaguya-sama subs for being influenced by the spirit of the times. But I've seen considerably more liberal rewrites and alterations from unofficial translations than from official ones. It wasn't Funimation who put "Fox, get this guy off me!" into Yamada's First Time, or ::pogchamp:: Twitch emotes into Dagashi Kashi, after all..